Decadal Changes in Soil and Atmosphere Temperature Differences Linked With Environment Shifts Over Northern Eurasia

The difference between soil and air temperatures (?T) in a specified time is dependent on meteorological conditions, properties of land covers. Understanding ?T critical assessing land–atmosphere thermal interactions changing environment. However, systematic knowledge interannual variations responses to the environmental changes (e.g., snow cover moisture) at decadal scales remain limited. Here, mean annual temperatures, were investigated 217 sites northern Eurasia during 1981–2015. It found that inconsistent as average increase temperature was generally less than air. relationships trends significant upper ground (0.2 0.8 m) over seasonal frost region but insignificant permafrost regions deeper ground. During period, widespread occurred closely responded changes, varied with depth. Among tested factors, thickness dominantly control ?T, followed by duration solar radiation. Both linear nonlinear analyses indicate enhanced depth increases. This study provides first view conjunctions 1981–2015 Eurasia. findings are relevant quantify given impacts future changes.